{"id":7064,"date":"2025-12-19T03:03:50","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T10:03:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/?p=7064"},"modified":"2025-12-19T03:03:50","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T10:03:50","slug":"ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"Accounting for administrative and non-business units according to Circular 24"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Accounting for public administrative and non-business units is one of the most specialized fields in accounting, playing a crucial role in national budget management. Unlike the business sector, accounting in public administrative and non-business units demands absolute accuracy in adhering to budget estimates and legal regulations on public finance. This article will provide a comprehensive overview from theory to practice, especially the latest updates from Circular 24\/2024\/TT-BTC, helping you feel more confident when starting your accounting work in these units.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_la_gi\" >What is public sector accounting?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Tai_sao_can_tuan_thu_quy_dinh_moi_ve_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\" >Why is it necessary to comply with the new regulations on accounting for public sector organizations?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Dac_diem_noi_bat_cua_ke_toan_don_vi_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\" >Key features of accounting in administrative and public service units.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Doi_tuong_ap_dung_va_pham_vi_dieu_chinh\" >Applicable subjects and scope of regulation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Dac_thu_ve_nguon_kinh_phi_va_quan_ly_chi_tieu\" >Specifics regarding funding sources and expenditure management.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#So_sanh_so_luoc_voi_ke_toan_doanh_nghiep\" >A brief comparison with business accounting.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Nhung_thay_doi_quan_trong_trong_Thong_tu_242024TT-BTC_ve_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\" >Key changes in Circular 24\/2024\/TT-BTC on accounting for administrative and non-business entities.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#He_thong_tai_khoan_ke_toan_moi_nhat\" >The latest accounting chart of accounts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Quy_dinh_ve_chung_tu_va_so_sach_ke_toan\" >Regulations on accounting documents and records<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Thay_doi_trong_cach_lap_va_trinh_bay_bao_cao_tai_chinh\" >Changes in the way financial statements are prepared and presented.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Huong_dan_hach_toan_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_cac_nghiep_vu_pho_bien\" >Guide to accounting for common administrative and public service transactions.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Hach_toan_nguon_ngan_sach_nha_nuoc_cap\" >Accounting for state budget funds<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Hach_toan_thu_chi_hoat_dong_su_nghiep\" >Accounting for revenue and expenditure of business operations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Quan_ly_hao_mon_va_trich_khau_hao_tai_san_co_dinh\" >Managing depreciation and amortization of fixed assets.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Quy_trinh_lap_bao_cao_quyet_toan_kinh_phi_hang_nam\" >Procedure for preparing annual financial settlement reports<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Doi_chieu_so_lieu_voi_kho_bac_nha_nuoc\" >Compare the data with the state treasury.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Tong_hop_so_lieu_va_hoan_thien_bao_cao\" >Compile data and finalize the report.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Cac_luu_y_tranh_sai_sot_khi_quyet_toan\" >Points to note to avoid errors when settling accounts.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Bai_tap_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_co_loi_giai_giup_cung_co_kien_thuc\" >Administrative and public sector accounting exercises with solutions help reinforce knowledge.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Bai_tap_ve_rut_du_toan_va_chi_hoat_dong_thuong_xuyen\" >Exercises on budget withdrawal and regular operating expenses.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Bai_tap_ve_xac_dinh_ket_qua_hoat_dong_va_trich_lap_quy\" >Exercises on determining operating results and fund allocation.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Tai_lieu_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_va_lo_trinh_hoc_tap_hieu_qua\" >Administrative and public sector accounting documents and an effective learning roadmap.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Cac_van_ban_phap_luat_nen_tang\" >Fundamental legal documents<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Cong_cu_ho_tro_va_phan_mem_ke_toan_chuyen_dung\" >Specialized accounting tools and software<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Thong_tin_lien_he_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\" >Contact information MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Cac_dich_vu_khac\" >Other services<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep\/#Giai_dap_cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\" >Frequently Asked Questions about Public Sector Accounting<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_la_gi\"><\/span>What is public sector accounting?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Accounting in public administrative units involves collecting, processing, verifying, monitoring, and providing information on budget revenue and expenditure, assets, and other resources at state agencies and public service units. This is a core management function that helps control the transparent use of public finances, ensuring that all state resources are used for their intended purpose, strictly adhering to budget estimates and current legal regulations. In this environment, accounting staff in public administrative units not only track monetary transactions but also effectively manage public assets and state financial funds.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_sao_can_tuan_thu_quy_dinh_moi_ve_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\"><\/span>Why is it necessary to comply with the new regulations on accounting for public sector organizations?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In line with the direction of public finance reform, the transition to the new regulations in Circular 24\/2024\/TT-BTC helps standardize the financial reporting system, gradually approaching international public sector accounting standards (IPSAS). The synchronized application of the new regulations in accounting for administrative and non-business units is not only a legal requirement but also helps these units improve their asset management capacity and minimize material errors in the annual state budget settlement process.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_diem_noi_bat_cua_ke_toan_don_vi_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\"><\/span>Key features of accounting in administrative and public service units.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7070\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7070\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7070\" src=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dac-diem-noi-bat-cua-ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110a\u0323\u0306c \u0111ie\u0302\u0309m no\u0302\u0309i ba\u0323\u0302t cu\u0309a ke\u0302\u0301 toa\u0301n \u0111o\u031bn vi\u0323 ha\u0300nh chi\u0301nh su\u031b\u0323 nghie\u0323\u0302p\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dac-diem-noi-bat-cua-ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dac-diem-noi-bat-cua-ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dac-diem-noi-bat-cua-ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dac-diem-noi-bat-cua-ke-toan-don-vi-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7070\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Key features of accounting in administrative and public service units.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Accounting in public administrative units has very distinct characteristics compared to accounting in private enterprises, mainly in terms of the subjects and methods of capital management.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doi_tuong_ap_dung_va_pham_vi_dieu_chinh\"><\/span>Applicable subjects and scope of regulation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The accounting system for administrative and non-business units is widely applied to many different types of organizations within the state apparatus, specifically including the following units:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>State agencies and government bodies from the central to local levels.<\/li>\n<li>Public service units operate in essential fields such as education, healthcare, science, and technology.<\/li>\n<li>Political organizations and socio-political organizations that utilize and account for state budget funds.<\/li>\n<li>Project management boards utilize public investment funds and non-budgetary state financial funds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_thu_ve_nguon_kinh_phi_va_quan_ly_chi_tieu\"><\/span>Specifics regarding funding sources and expenditure management.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In these units, funding does not come from the sale of goods or the provision of commercial services alone, but primarily from public resources.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A clear distinction should be made between autonomous funding (where the unit has the right to independently arrange its spending) and non-autonomous funding (spending according to specific goals and tasks set by the state).<\/li>\n<li>Strictly manage revenue from professional activities such as tuition fees, hospital fees, and other revenue-generating public services in accordance with the state&#039;s list of fees and charges.<\/li>\n<li>Expenditure control mechanism through the State Treasury: All expenditures in the accounting of administrative and non-business units must be within the budget and their validity must be checked before payment is made.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_so_luoc_voi_ke_toan_doanh_nghiep\"><\/span>A brief comparison with business accounting.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Unlike corporate accounting, which focuses on profit and revenue, accounting for public administrative units focuses on budget management and ensuring expenditures are carried out according to regulations. Public units typically use account types 5 (Revenue) and 6 (Expenses) to reflect budget income and expenditure, rather than accounts reflecting purely cost of goods sold and business profits. The biggest difference is the presence of off-balance sheet accounts (type 0) used to track budget estimates, a concept completely unfamiliar to corporate accounting but a core element of accounting for public administrative units.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_thay_doi_quan_trong_trong_Thong_tu_242024TT-BTC_ve_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\"><\/span>Key changes in Circular 24\/2024\/TT-BTC on accounting for administrative and non-business entities.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7072\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7072\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7072\" src=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Nhung-thay-doi-quan-trong-trong-Thong-tu-24-ve-ke-toan-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep.jpg\" alt=\"Nhu\u031b\u0303ng thay \u0111o\u0302\u0309i quan tro\u0323ng trong Tho\u0302ng tu\u031b 24 ve\u0302\u0300 ke\u0302\u0301 toa\u0301n ha\u0300nh chi\u0301nh su\u031b\u0323 nghie\u0323\u0302p\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Nhung-thay-doi-quan-trong-trong-Thong-tu-24-ve-ke-toan-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Nhung-thay-doi-quan-trong-trong-Thong-tu-24-ve-ke-toan-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Nhung-thay-doi-quan-trong-trong-Thong-tu-24-ve-ke-toan-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Nhung-thay-doi-quan-trong-trong-Thong-tu-24-ve-ke-toan-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7072\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Key changes in Circular 24 on accounting for administrative and non-business entities.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Circular 24\/2024\/TT-BTC marks a major turning point in the modernization of accounting practices for administrative and non-business units in Vietnam.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"He_thong_tai_khoan_ke_toan_moi_nhat\"><\/span>The latest accounting chart of accounts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The accounting system has been refined to more accurately reflect modern financial transactions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The updated list of newly added accounts aims to accurately reflect economic transactions in the context of digital transformation and modern public asset management.<\/li>\n<li>Shifting the accounting mindset from cash accounting to accrual accounting helps accountants in administrative and public service units accurately reflect the economic nature of transactions, instead of simply accounting based on cash flow as before.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy_dinh_ve_chung_tu_va_so_sach_ke_toan\"><\/span>Regulations on accounting documents and records<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The new circular creates flexibility while still ensuring strict control over document management:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The list of mandatory documents for transactions directly related to the state budget and treasury is clearly defined to avoid errors in accounting for administrative and public service units.<\/li>\n<li>The autonomy mechanism in designing internal documents allows the unit to be flexible in management while still ensuring full compliance with legal requirements as stipulated in the 2015 Accounting Law.<\/li>\n<li>Electronic accounting practices are encouraged, ensuring data connectivity and information security in accordance with the new accounting standards for administrative and public service units.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thay_doi_trong_cach_lap_va_trinh_bay_bao_cao_tai_chinh\"><\/span>Changes in the way financial statements are prepared and presented.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Financial reports are no longer just dry statistics; they are now tools for evaluating the performance of an organization.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A financial statement focuses on reflecting the assets and liabilities of an entity at a specific point in time.<\/li>\n<li>The performance report clearly separates results from budget allocations, retained fees, and service business operations.<\/li>\n<li>The explanatory notes to financial statements in the accounting of administrative and non-business units require more detail regarding the accounting policies applied and explanations of significant changes during the period.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong_dan_hach_toan_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_cac_nghiep_vu_pho_bien\"><\/span>Guide to accounting for common administrative and public service transactions.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To help newcomers visualize the process, here is a guide to handling the most important aspects of accounting in administrative and public service units.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hach_toan_nguon_ngan_sach_nha_nuoc_cap\"><\/span>Accounting for state budget funds<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>This is the most frequently occurring operation, involving funds from the state budget:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The business process begins with receiving the budget notification, withdrawing the advance budget for expenditure, and finally settling the advance at the State Treasury to convert it into actual expenditure.<\/li>\n<li>Accountants in administrative and public service units need to handle accurately when adjusting budget estimates, transferring funds to the following year, or returning unspent funds to the state budget at the end of the fiscal year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hach_toan_thu_chi_hoat_dong_su_nghiep\"><\/span>Accounting for revenue and expenditure of business operations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>For revenue-generating entities such as hospitals or schools, tracking these revenue sources is crucial:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reflecting revenue from the unit&#039;s revenue-generating activities in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 97\/2015\/QH13 on Fees and Charges.<\/li>\n<li>The accounting method for corresponding expenses is used to accurately determine surpluses or deficits, thereby providing a basis for allocating unit funds in accordance with regulations on financial autonomy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan_ly_hao_mon_va_trich_khau_hao_tai_san_co_dinh\"><\/span>Managing depreciation and amortization of fixed assets.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Managing public assets requires meticulous attention to detail in classifying and calculating depreciation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The current criteria for determining fixed assets are applied according to Circular 23\/2023\/TT-BTC of the Ministry of Finance, with a value threshold of 10 million VND or more and a useful life of more than 1 year.<\/li>\n<li>It is necessary to clearly distinguish between depreciation (recording the decrease in value of assets used for administrative management at the end of the year) and amortization (recording monthly expenses for assets used in service and business operations).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To clarify the difference between wear and tear and depreciation in accounting for public administrative units, you can refer to the summary table below:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-color: #000000;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"12\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\">Comparison criteria<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\">Calculating asset depreciation<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\">Depreciation of assets<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Object<\/td>\n<td>Assets used for administrative activities and projects.<\/td>\n<td>Assets used for production, business, and service activities.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Frequency of execution<\/td>\n<td>Perform this once at the end of the fiscal year.<\/td>\n<td>Perform this on a monthly basis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Purpose<\/td>\n<td>Reflecting the remaining value of public assets.<\/td>\n<td>Capital recovery and service cost determination<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Accounting method<\/td>\n<td>Record the decrease in asset value and the source of funding.<\/td>\n<td>Record an increase in expenses and a decrease in asset value.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Note that some assets may be subject to both depreciation and amortization if they are used for a variety of purposes within the organization.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy_trinh_lap_bao_cao_quyet_toan_kinh_phi_hang_nam\"><\/span>Procedure for preparing annual financial settlement reports<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Final accounting is the most stressful but also the most important stage in completing an accounting cycle for an administrative and public service unit.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doi_chieu_so_lieu_voi_kho_bac_nha_nuoc\"><\/span>Compare the data with the state treasury.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Before preparing the report, the accountant must ensure that their figures &quot;match&quot; those of the Treasury:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conduct periodic (monthly, quarterly) and year-end reconciliations between the unit&#039;s accounting records and the confirmation statements of budget balances and deposit balances at the State Treasury.<\/li>\n<li>This guide addresses common errors such as incorrect program codes, item type codes, or mistakes in the budget withdrawal process that lead to discrepancies in actual expenditure figures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_hop_so_lieu_va_hoan_thien_bao_cao\"><\/span>Compile data and finalize the report.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>After the reconciliation is complete, the accountant begins the process of closing the books and preparing the report.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The closing procedure involves checking the balance between off-balance sheet accounts (type 0) for budget management and on-balance sheet accounts (types 1 to 9).<\/li>\n<li>The technique for preparing financial settlement reports in the accounting of administrative and non-business units ensures the accuracy and consistency between accounting data and actual expenditure data approved and confirmed by the Treasury.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_luu_y_tranh_sai_sot_khi_quyet_toan\"><\/span>Points to note to avoid errors when settling accounts.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Accounting in administrative and public service units needs to pay special attention to expenditures exceeding allocated limits, expenditures from incorrect funding sources, or the use of invalid supporting documents. These are issues that are easily subject to rejection (rejection of final accounts) by inspection and auditing agencies during periodic audits. Rejection not only affects the unit&#039;s reputation but also creates difficulties in balancing the budget for subsequent years.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_co_loi_giai_giup_cung_co_kien_thuc\"><\/span>Administrative and public sector accounting exercises with solutions help reinforce knowledge.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Below are some illustrative exercises to help you review the basic accounting procedures for administrative and public service units that you have just learned.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_ve_rut_du_toan_va_chi_hoat_dong_thuong_xuyen\"><\/span>Exercises on budget withdrawal and regular operating expenses.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Situation: The unit received a budget allocation of 500,000,000 VND for regular operating expenses. During the month, the unit issued a withdrawal order to transfer funds for electricity and water bills totaling 20,000,000 VND and for office supplies purchases totaling 10,000,000 VND.<\/p>\n<p>Guidelines for accounting entries in administrative and non-business units:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Upon receiving the budget estimate: Debit Account 008 (Regular Budget Details): 500,000,000 VND.<\/li>\n<li>When withdrawing funds from the electricity and water budget: Debit Account 611 \/ Credit Account 511: 20,000,000 VND; simultaneously, credit Account 008 (Actual expenditure details): 20,000,000 VND.<\/li>\n<li>When withdrawing funds from the budget for purchasing office supplies: Similarly, debit account 611 \/ credit account 511: 10,000,000 VND; and simultaneously credit account 008 (Details of actual expenditure): 10,000,000 VND.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_ve_xac_dinh_ket_qua_hoat_dong_va_trich_lap_quy\"><\/span>Exercises on determining operating results and fund allocation.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Situation: At the end of the year, the accountant of an administrative and public service unit determined a surplus of VND 100,000,000 from consulting services after fulfilling all tax obligations to the state. According to the internal expenditure regulations, the unit allocated VND 40% to the fund for the development of public service activities and VND 60% to the reward and welfare fund.<\/p>\n<p>Instructions for journal entry:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Transferring surplus: Debit Account 421 \/ Credit Account 431 (Details for each fund).<\/li>\n<li>Allocation from the career development fund: 40,000,000 VND.<\/li>\n<li>Allocation from the reward and welfare fund: 60,000,000 VND.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_lieu_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep_va_lo_trinh_hoc_tap_hieu_qua\"><\/span>Administrative and public sector accounting documents and an effective learning roadmap.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To become a skilled accountant in a public sector organization, you need a structured learning path and access to reliable resources.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_van_ban_phap_luat_nen_tang\"><\/span>Fundamental legal documents<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Below are the essential documents that any accountant working in a public administrative unit must master:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Accounting Law No. 88\/2015\/QH13: General regulations on accounting work in Vietnam.<\/li>\n<li>The 2015 State Budget Law: The legal basis for managing national budget revenue and expenditure.<\/li>\n<li>Circular 24\/2024\/TT-BTC: The most detailed guide on the current accounting regime for administrative and non-business units.<\/li>\n<li>Circular 23\/2023\/TT-BTC: Guidance on the management and calculation of depreciation and amortization of fixed assets at public units.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_cu_ho_tro_va_phan_mem_ke_toan_chuyen_dung\"><\/span>Specialized accounting tools and software<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In the age of technology, the use of specialized accounting software for administrative and public service units is inevitable:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The application of widely available software helps automate data entry processes and minimize errors when generating settlement reports for the Treasury.<\/li>\n<li>Utilize online public accounting communities on social media or professional forums to exchange practical experiences regarding accounting for administrative and public service units arising in the locality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"ftoc-heading-15\" class=\"ftwp-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thong_tin_lien_he_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\"><\/span>Contact information MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Address: No. 19A, Street 43, Tan Thuan Ward, Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Mobile\/Zalo: 0903 963 163 \u2013 0903 428 622<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Email: man@man.net.vn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_dich_vu_khac\"><\/span><span id=\"Cac_dich_vu_khac\" class=\"ez-toc-section\"><\/span>Other services<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Auditing:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-kiem-toan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Auditing Services<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/kiem-toan-xay-dung-co-ban\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Auditing Services<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-kiem-toan-bao-cao-tai-chinh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Financial statement audit services<\/a><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Accounting and Taxation:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=%23\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Tax accounting services<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=%23\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Tax report<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=%23\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Transfer Pricing Advisory<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-ke-toan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tax Accounting Services<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-bao-cao-thue\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tax reporting services<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-chuyen-gia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Transfer Pricing Service<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-giao-dich-lien-ket\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Affiliate Trading Service<\/a><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Legal aspects:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-giay-phep-lao-dong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Work permit services<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-chung-nhan-dang-ky-kinh-doanh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Business registration certification services<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-chung-nhan-dau-tu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Investment Certificate\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Other:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-chuyen-gia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Transfer Pricing Service<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-giao-dich-lien-ket\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Affiliate Trading Service<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/dich-vu-tu-van-hoat-dong-doanh-nghiep\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Business Operations Consulting Services<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Content production by: Mr.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/le-hoang-tuyen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Hoang Tuyen<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Founder &amp; CEO MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network, Vietnamese CPA Auditor with over 30 years of experience in Accounting, Auditing and Financial Consulting.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_dap_cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_ke_toan_hanh_chinh_su_nghiep\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions about Public Sector Accounting<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n        <section class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card\">\n            <div>\n\t\t\t\t<p>What accounting modules should beginners in public sector organizations focus on first? <\/p>                <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    <p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYou should start with the budget management and withdrawal functions at the Treasury. This is the core of accounting for public administrative units. Once you understand how budget cash flow works, other functions such as asset management or revenue and expenditure will become much easier to understand.                    <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/section>\n\t\t        <section class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card\">\n            <div>\n\t\t\t\t<p>How can we quickly differentiate between funding sources within the organization? <\/p>                <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    <p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThe simplest method is to rely on the Budget Source Code in the State Budget Classification system. In accounting for administrative and public service units, each funding source (regular, irregular, etc.) will have a unique code number to help you account for and track funds without confusion.                    <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/section>\n\t\t        <section class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card\">\n            <div>\n\t\t\t\t<p>Do accountants in public administrative units need to file tax returns like accountants in businesses? <\/p>                <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    <p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIf the entity generates revenue from service or business activities, it must still declare and pay value-added tax and corporate income tax according to regulations, similar to a business enterprise.                    <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/section>\n\t\t\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n    {\n\t\t\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n\t\t\"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n\t\t\"mainEntity\": [\n\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean? \",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"B\u1ea1n n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n v\u00e0 r\u00fat d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Kho b\u1ea1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. 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Unlike the business sector, accounting in public administrative units at public institutions [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7071,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7064","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7064"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7073,"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7064\/revisions\/7073"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7064"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7064"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ketoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}